Languages

Urdu (/ˈʊərduː/;[10] Urdu: اُردُو‎ ALA-LC: Urdū [ˈʊrd̪uː] ( listen), or Modern Standard Urdu) is a Persianized, Arabized, and also a standardisedregister language of the Hindustani dialect.[11][12] It is the official national language and lingua franca of Pakistan. Urdu was considered to be one of the official languages of five states of India. These states include Hyderabad, Rampur, Bhopal, and Lucknow, and Kashmir. It is also one of the 22 official languages recognized in the Constitution of India. The Urdu presence in India dates back to the Islamic Mughal Empire, …

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Telugu (English: /ˈtɛlᵿɡuː/;[4] telugu [t̪el̪uɡu]) is a Dravidian language native to India. It stands alongside Hindi, English, and Bengali as one of the few languages with official status in more than one Indian state;[5] Telugu is the primary language in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and in the town of Yanam, Puducherry, and is also spoken by significant minorities in Karnataka (8.03%), Tamil Nadu (8.63%), Maharashtra (1.4%), Chhattisgarh (1%), Odisha (1.9%), the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (12.9%), and by the Sri Lankan Gypsy people. It is …

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Tamil (English: /ˈtæmɪl/; தமிழ் Tamiḻ [t̪ɐmɨɻ],  pronunciation (help·info)) is a Dravidian language predominantly spoken by the Tamil people of India and Sri Lanka, and also by the Tamil diaspora, Sri Lankan Moors, Burghers, Douglas, and Chindians. Tamil is an official language of two countries, Sri Lanka and Singapore.[10][11] It has official status in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the Indian Union Territory of Puducherry. It is also used as one of the languages of education in Malaysia, along with English, Malay and Mandarin.[12][13] Tamil is also spoken …

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Sindhi /ˈsɪndi/[6] (سنڌي, सिन्धी, , ਸਿੰਧੀ) is an Indo-Aryan language of the historical Sindh region, spoken by the Sindhi people. It is the official language of the Pakistani province of Sindh.[7][8][9] In India, Sindhi is one of the scheduled languages officially recognized by the federal government. Most Sindhi speakers are concentrated in Pakistan in the Sindh province, and in India, the Kutch region of the state of Gujarat and in the Ulhasnagar region of the state of Maharashtra. The remaining speakers in India …

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Santhali (Ol Chiki: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ) is a language in the Munda subfamily of Austroasiatic languages, related to Ho and Mundari. It is spoken by around 6.2 million people in India (ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ), Bangladesh (ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ), Bhutan (ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ) and Nepal (ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱲ). Most of its speakers live in India, in the states of Jharkhand, Bihar, Odisha, Tripura, Mizoram, Assam and West Bengal.[4]

Sanskrit (IAST: Saṃskṛtam; IPA: [sə̃skr̩t̪əm][a]) is the primary liturgical language of Hinduism ; a philosophical language of Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism, and Jainism; and a literary language and lingua franca of ancient and medieval India and Nepal.[6] As a result of transmission of Hindu and Buddhist culture to Southeast Asia and parts of Central Asia, it was also a language of high culture in some of these regions during the early-medieval era.[7][8] Sanskrit is a standardised dialect of Old Indo-Aryan, having originated in the 2nd …

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Punjabi (/pʌnˈdʒɑːbi/;[3] Shahmukhi: پنجابی paṉjābī; Gurmukhi: ਪੰਜਾਬੀ pañjābī)[4] is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by over 100 million native speakers worldwide, making it the 11th most widely spoken language (2015)[5][6] in the world. It is the native language of the Punjabi peoplewho inhabit the historical Punjab region of India and Pakistan. Among the Indo-European languages it is unusual in being a tonal language.[7][8][9] Punjabi is the most widely spoken language in Pakistan,[10] the 11th most widely spoken in India and the third-most …

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Odia (/əˈdiːə/) or Oriya (/ɒˈriːə/; both renderings of Odia: ଓଡ଼ିଆ  oḍiā (help·info)) is a language spoken by 4.2% of India’s population.[5] It is an Indo-Aryan language that is spoken mostly in eastern India, with around 44 million native speakers as of the year 2016, from the state of Odisha, and 55 million from adjoining regions of its neighboring states and by the largely migrated Odia population across India and different countries of …

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Nepali, also called Gurkha, Gorkhali, Gurkhali, or Khaskura, is an Indo-Aryan language derived from Sanskrit. It is the official language and de facto lingua franca of Nepal. It is spoken chiefly by Pahari people in Nepal and by a significant number of Bhutanese and some Burmese people. In India, Nepali language is listed in the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India as an Indian language having an official status in the Indian state of Sikkim and …

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Marathi (English: /məˈrɑːti/;[9] मराठी Marāṭhī; Marathi: [məˈɾaʈʰi] ( listen)) is an Indian language spoken predominantly by the Marathi people of Maharashtra. It is the official language and co-official language in the Maharashtra and Goa states of Western India, respectively, and is one of the 22 scheduled languages of India. There were 73 million speakers in 2007; Marathi ranks 19th in the list of most spoken languages in the world. Marathi has the fourth largest number …

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